Ultrasensitive quantification of trace amines based on N-phosphorylation labeling chip 2D LC-QQQ/MS / 药物分析学报

Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neuro-logical disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological pro-cesses and providing proper drug intervention.However,the trace amounts and chemical instability of TAs challenge quantification.Here,diisopropyl phosphite coupled with chip two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ/MS)was developed to simul-taneously determine TAs and associated metabolites.The results showed that the sensitivities of TAs increased up to 5520 times compared with those using nonderivatized LC-QQQ/MS.This sensitive method was utilized to investigate their alterations in hepatoma cells after treatment with sorafenib.The significantly altered TAs and associated metabolites suggested that phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathways were related to sorafenib treatment in Hep3B cells.This sensitive method has great potential to elucidate the mechanism and diagnose diseases considering that an increasing number of physiological functions of TAs have been discovered in recent decades.

Effectiveness of craniocervical flexion training combined with cervical traction among patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy / 预防医学

Objective@# To evaluate the effectiveness of craniocervical flexion training using pressure biofeedback combined with cervical traction among patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR).@*Methods@#Sixty patients with CSR receiving treatment in Center of Rehabilitation, Zhejiang Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled and randomly assigned into the control and treatment groups, of 30 patients in each group. All patients were given cervical traction, and patients in the treatment group were given additional craniocervical flexion training using pressure biofeedback for successive four weeks. The effectiveness of craniocervical flexion training combined with cervical traction was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI) and the active range of motion (AROM) of cervical flexion, and the neck pain and cervical functions were compared between the two groups before and after treatments using repeated-measures analysis of variance.@* Results@# Fifteen men were included in the treatment group, with a mean age of (49.47±5.33) years, mean disease course of (5.53±2.89) months, and mean VAS score of (4.73±1.39) points, and there were no significant differences between the control and treatment groups in terms of gender, age, course of disease or VAS score (P>0.05). The VAS score and NDI were lower 4 weeks post-treatment than pretreatment in both the treatment [VAS score: (2.13±1.01) vs. (4.73±1.39); NDI: (12.17±2.12) vs. (20.20±3.78)] and control groups [VAS score: (2.93±1.11) vs. (4.90±1.21); NDI: (15.23±2.39) vs. (19.60±3.30)], and the AROM of cervical flexion was significantly higher 4 weeks post-treatment than pretreatment in both the treatment [(42.87°±2.99°) vs. (37.50°±2.80°)] and control groups [(41.80°±3.61°) vs. (38.07°±2.99°)]; there was an interaction between time and group, and a higher improvement for cervical functions was seen in the treatment group than in the control group (FVAS =5.119, P=0.027; FNDI=15.473, P<0.001; FAROM=11.443, P<0.001). @*Conclusion@#Craniocervical flexion training using pressure biofeedback combined with cervical traction may effectively alleviate the neck pain and increase the AROM among patients with CRS, which is more effective to improve patients' cervical functions than cervical traction alone.

Mental health benefits of Tai Chi for college students: a systematic review using ICF / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo construct the mental health benefits of physical activity of Tai Chi and framework for college students based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), and to systematically review the effect of physical activity of Tai Chi on anxiety, depression and sleep quality of college students. MethodsRelevant literatures about the health outcomes on anxiety, depression and sleep quality of college students participating in physical activity of Tai Chi were retrieved from databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang data, from the establishment to November 10th, 2022, and screened and reviewed. ResultsTen randomized controlled trials were included finally, from China and U.S.， involving 960 participants (aged 16.4 to 40 years). The main sources were from journals about physical activity and health, with publication dates from 2016 to 2021. The quality of the included literatures was evaluated using the Physical Therapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale with a mean score of 6.3. The main mental health problems of college students mainly focused on depression, anxiety, high stress, and poor sleep quality. The physical activity of Tai Chi included 24 simplified Tai Chi and Chen style Tai Chi. The frequency of physical activity of Tai Chi was mainly 1 to 6 times a week, 45 to 90 minutes (60 minutes mostly) a time, for 4 to 18 weeks. The health benefits of Tai Chi on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality for college students in the ICF were mainly in the affective function (b152), psychomotor function (b147), energy and drive function (b130), and sleep function (b134). The beneficial outcomes of physical activity of Tai Chi involved reducing anxiety, alleviating depressive symptoms and reducing stress. Compared with physical activity of Tai Chi, physical activity of Tai Chi with the addition of a twenty-four-pattern Taijiquan theory course was more effective in improving depression levels in patients with mild and moderate depression. Tai Chi also can help to improve sleep quality, shorten the time to sleep, and reduce sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunction. ConclusionA PICO framework of Tai Chi for the health benefits of college students has been constructed using ICF. Tai Chi engaged in by college students are mainly 24 simplified Tai Chi. The frequency of physical activity of Tai Chi is 45 to 90 minutes (60 minutes mostly) a time, 1 to 6 times a week, for 4 to 18 weeks. The physical activities of Tai Chi can benefit in reducing anxiety and depression of college students and improving the quality of sleep.

Three ways for protein aggregation and the control strategies / 生物工程学报

Protein aggregation is a critical issue in the production of biopharmaceuticals. During protein production, transport and storage, various factors can lead to protein aggregation. With the in-depth study, different ways of protein aggregation and various influencing factors were identified. This includes physical and chemical factors, translation modifications and protein structure. Since protein aggregation exerts major impact on the activity and homogeneity of proteins, it is of great importance to study the ways of protein aggregation and how to control it to obtain high-quality proteins. The review focuses on three ways of protein aggregation, namely 3D domain swapping, salt bridge formation, and oxidative stress, as well as methods to control protein aggregation during protein production, transport and storage. This may facilitate reducing the loss caused by the formation of protein aggregation and improving the purity and homogeneity of protein in research and commercial production.

Effect of "Teddy Bear Simulation Hospital" in cultivating the humanistic care ability for pre-clinical medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The cultivation of medical students' humanistic care ability is one of the most important tasks of medical education. In this study, "Teddy Bear Simulation Hospital" was launched to cultivate humanistic care ability for pre-clinical medical students in the early stage. Firstly, pre-clinical students were organized to visit clinical functional zoning and diagnosis and treatment processes, listen to pediatrician lectures, and understand the diagnosis and treatment process of pediatric patients. Then, students were organized to build a simulated hospital for kids in the kindergarten with reference to the actual situation and carry out simulated diagnosis and treatment. In the process of implementation, students divide the labor, make the plan and take the action independently. After the simulation scenario was created, the kids played the role of parents of the sick children, and their favorite plush toy was pretended to be the sick baby; the medical students played the various roles of the medical staffs in the simulated hospital to carry out various diagnosis and treatment activities in an orderly manner. The results showed that the activity has provided a safe and friendly simulation diagnosis and treatment platform for pre-clinical students. In the interaction with children, the humanistic care ability of the students was significantly improved.

Double plate technique and tendon fixation of long head of biceps brachii in treating Neer 3 to 4 partial fractures of proximal humerus / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of double plate technique in treating Neer 3 to 4 partial fractures of proximal humerus.@*METHODS@#From May 2018 to December 2020, 38 patients with proximal humeral classified to Neer 3 to 4 partial fractures were treated with double plate technique and long head tendon fixation of biceps brachii, including 23 males and 15 females, aged from 41 to 89 years old with an average of (67.00 ± 9.76) years old;23 patients classified to Neer 3 fracture, 15 classified to Neer 4 fracture;the time from injury to operation ranged from 5 to 12 days with an average of (8.00±2.86) days. Degree of pain was evaluated by numerical rating scale(NRS) on the third day after operation; change of height of humeral head and angle of humeral neck stem were measured and compared between 2 days and 1 year after operation. Neer score was used to evaluate recovery of shoulder joint after operation at 1 year after operation.@*RESULTS@#All 38 patients were followed up for 12 to 19 months with an average of (14.00±1.59) months. NRS score at 3 days after operation was (1.95±0.73) points. Fracture healing time ranged from 2.2 to 3.2 months with an average of(2.60±0.27) months. There were no significant difference in the height of humeral head and angle of humeral neck trunk between two days and 1 year after operation(P>0.05). Four Neer 4 fracture patients occurred absorption of greater tubercle of humerus and partial cystic change of humeral head, but the activity function of shoulder joint was good. Postoperative Neer score at 1 year was 89.50±5.19, and 20 patients got excellent results, 16 good, and 2 moderate.@*CONCLUSION@#Double plate technique and long head tendon fixation of biceps brachii were used to treat Neer 3 to 4 fractures of proximal humerus has good clinical effect, and postoperative pain was mild, without special instruments.

Development of novel-nanobody-based lateral-flow immunochromatographic strip test for rapid detection of recombinant human interferon α2b / 药物分析学报

Recombinant human interferon α2b(rhIFNα2b)is widely used as an antiviral therapy agent for the treatment of hepatitis B and hepatitis C.The current identification test for rhIFNα2b is complex.In this study,an anti-rhIFNα2b nanobody was discovered and used for the development of a rapid lateral flow strip for the identification of rhIFNα2b.RhIFNα2b was used to immunize an alpaca,which established a phage nanobody library.After five steps of enrichment,the nanobody I22,which specifically bound rhIFNα2b,was isolated and inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a.After subsequent purification,the physicochemical properties of the nanobody were determined.A semiquantitative detection and rapid identification assay of rhIFNα2b was developed using this novel nanobody.To develop a rapid test,the nanobody I22 was coupled with a colloidal gold to produce lateral-flow test strips.The developed rhIFNα2b detection assay had a limit of detection of 1 μg/mL.The isolation of I22 and successful construction of a lateral-flow immunochromatographic test strip demonstrated the feasibility of performing ligand-binding assays on a lateral-flow test strip using recombinant protein products.The principle of this novel assay is generally applicable for the rapid testing of other com-mercial products,with a great potential for routine use in detecting counterfeit recombinant protein products.

Evolution and Connotations of "Prohibition"， "Contraindication"， or "Use with Caution" in Chinese Materia Medica / 中国实验方剂学杂志

This study systematically combed and analyzed the use of such terms as "prohibition"， "contraindication"， and "use with caution" in ancient Chinese books on materia medica and prescriptions， Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China（《中华人民共和国药典》）， and teaching materials and monographs of Chinese materia medica by means of hermeneutics， commentariology， textology， and data mining， and explored the historical evolution and conceptual connotations of "prohibition"， "contraindication"， and "use with caution" in Chinese materia medica， so as to provide reference for standardizing their understandings and clinical reasonable medication. The "prohibition"， "contraindication"， and "use with caution" of Chinese materia medica were first proposed in the period of pre-Qin and Han dynasties. "Prohibition" and "contraindication" were separately developed in the Sui， Tang， and Five dynasties and Song， Jin， and Yuan dynasties and have been widely used since the Ming and Qing dynasties. The "use with caution" becomes popular rapidly in modern times and is often present in clinical medication together with "prohibition" and "contraindication". "Prohibition" basically means strictly prohibited and "contraindication" means to avoid as much as possible. The terms "prohibition"， "contraindication"， and "use with caution" have experienced evolution from the pre-Qin period to modern times， and they are used to describe the degree of restriction on drug use（"prohibition" > " contraindication" > "use with caution"）.

Effect of somatosensory motor combined with neuromuscular acupoint electrical stimulation on motor function and blood glucose amongpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 预防医学

Objective@#To evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval somatosensory training combined with neuromuscular acupoint electrical stimulation on blood glucose and motor function among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), so as to provide insights into prevention of daily life disability among T2DM patients.@*Methods@#T2DM patients treated in Zhejiang Hospital during the period from January 2019 to October 2021 were enrolled and randomly assigned into four groups. Patients in the K group received Kinect somatosensory interaction technology-assisted high-intensity interval training, patients in the N group received neuromuscular acupoint electrical stimulation, and patients in the KN group received high-intensity interval somatosensory training combined with neuromuscular acupoint electrical stimulation, while patients in the C group were given no interventions. The 2 h postprandial plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured prior to interventions and 4 and 12 weeks post-interventions, and seven physical fitness tests were performed. The blood glucose levels and motor activity were compared among four groups using generalized estimating equations to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.@*Results@#Totally 199 T2DM patients were enrolled, including 51 patients in the KN group, 49 patients in the K group, 52 patients in the N group and 47 patients in the C group. There were no significant differences in gender, age, course of disease, duration of daily exercises, waist-to-hip ratio, vital capacity or maximal oxygen uptake among the four groups prior to interventions (all P>0.05). There were time-group interaction effects in blood glucose and exercise parameters among the four groups post-interventions (all P>0.05), with the largest changes seen in the KN group. The HbA1c, 2 h postprandial plasma glucose, 2.4 m standing and detour test and back scratch test results reduced by 17.06%, 27.01%, 36.52% and 20.94% 12 weeks post-interventions as compared to those prior to interventions, while 2 min stepping test, 30 s sit-ups, 30 s loading and elbow flexion test, 6 min walking test and sit and reach test results increased by 18.85%, 34.69%, 15.41%, 7.22% and 112.37%, respectively.@*Conclusion@#High-intensity interval somatosensory training combined with neuromuscular acupoint electrical stimulation may improve the blood glucose and motor activity among patients with T2DM.

Research status of acetabular reconstruction in Crowe type Ⅱ and Ⅲ developmental dysplasia of the hip / 中国骨伤

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a major cause of hip arthritis and ultimately total hip arthroplasty. Due to the dysplastic acetabulum, how to place the acetabular cup becomes a challenge in acetabular reconstruction for such patients. Especially in the acetabula classified as Crowe typeⅡand type Ⅲ, the dislocation of the femoral head causes bone defects above the true acetabulum, which will affect the stability of the acetabular cup when the acetabular reconstruction is performed at the true acetabulum. Many acetabular reconstruction methods such as bone grafting, the use of small acetabular cups, socket medialization technique, and high hip center technique are used to increase the host bone coverage of the cup. However, each method has its own shortcomings that can not be ignored so that there is no unified conclusion on the acetabular reconstruction methods for Crowe typeⅡand type Ⅲ hip dysplasia. This article summarized and evaluated various reconstruction methods in combination with the acetabular morphology of DDH, and put forward the research direction in the future.

Interpretation of Technical Specifications for Revision of Safety Information in Marketed Chinese Patent Medicine Instructions / 中国中药杂志

Technical Specifications for Revision of Safety Information in Marketed Chinese Patent Medicine Instructions,a series of group standards,were proposed by Professor ZHANG Bing from Research Center for Pharmacovigilance and Rational Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and underwent centralized management by Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine. They were officially released on July 23 and implemented on July 31,2021. The series of group standards consist of six sections,including general principles,adverse drug events,contraindications,precautions,application for special populations,and warnings. The section of general principles is comprised of holistic and programmatic expressions,which explain the general technical requirements for revising the marketed Chinese patent medicine instructions. The other five sections focus on information collection,screening,transformation,and illustration of specific items,forming a standardized revision technical process. This series of standards is the result of multiple rounds of research and the suggestions of more than 200 experts in different professional fields of " medicine-pharmacy-management-law-enterprise" have been gathered therein to reach a consensus. With the purposes of establishing standardized technical specifications for the revision of safety information in the marketed Chinese patent medicine instructions,guiding marketing authorization holders in revising the instructions,filling the gaps in the research of Chinese patent medicine instructions,promoting the deve-lopment of pharmaceutical care and academic research,and encouraging the rational and safe medication of Chinese patent medicine,the series of group standards is of great significance.

Series of group standards of Technical Specifications for Revision of Safety Information in Marketed Chinese Patent Medicine Instructions / 中国中药杂志

Drug instructions,the statutory and technical documents recording effectiveness and safety information,are an important basis for guiding doctors,pharmacists,and patients to use drugs rationally,and their scientificity,standardization,and accuracy directly affect the medication safety of the public. The sections of adverse drug events,contraindications,precautions,warnings,and application for specific populations in drug instructions directly express safety information and measures for rational use of drugs. In the drug life cycle,marketing authorization holders( MAHs) need to update safety information in the instructions promptly to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical drug medication. At present,revising instructions is an important measure to control drug risks. In the drug life cycle,in order to standardize the revision of safety information in the instructions by MAHs and eliminate inexact terms such as " unclear",the Technical Specifications for Revision of Safety Information in Marketed Chinese Patent Medicine Instructions,a series of group standards,have been established under the guidance of Standardization Department,China Association of Chinese Medicine. Therefore,on the basis of the existing rules and regulations,the standardized technical procedures for revising instructions came into being to help clinical safe and rational medication of drugs,and implement the strategy of " Healthy China".

Etiological detection and epidemiological analysis of children with influenza-like illness / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the status and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory virus infection in children with influenza-like illness in outpatient department, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of children in this area.Methods:Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from children who attended the fever clinic of The Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine due to influenza-like illness from July 2021 to March 2022, and six common respiratory virus nucleic acids were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The general information of the children was collected and grouped by gender and age (0-<6 months, 6-<12 months, 1-3< year-old, 3-<6 year-old , and ≥6 year-old), and the chi-square test was used for statistical analysis between the groups to explore the epidemic pattern of respiratory viruses.Results:A total of 739 cases (45.9%, 739/1 609) of respiratory viruses were detected from children with influenza-like illness, including 651 cases (40.5%, 651/1 609) of simple infection and 88 cases (5.5%, 88/1 609) of multiple infections. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected in 18.6% (300/1 609), followed by influenza B virus (FluB) in 11.9% (192/1 609), adenovirus (ADV) in 8.3% (134/1 609), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) in 7.6% (123/1 609), parainfluenza virus type 1 (PIV-1) in 4.9% (79/1 609), and influenza A virus (FluA) in 0.4% (6/1 609). Multiple infections including double or triple infections, with 81(92.0%, 81/88) cases of double infection and the most common being ADV+RSV (22.7%, 20/88) and 7 (8.0%, 7/88) cases of triple infection. There was a significant difference in the virus detection rate between the age groups (χ2=17.078, P=0.002), with the highest virus detection rate in the 3-<6 years of age group (49.7%, 286/575). Among the detection of simple infection, FluB had the highest detection rate in the ≥ 6 years of age group (26.6%, 98/369), and RSV and PIV-1 had the highest detection rate in the 3-<6 years of age group (20.0%, 115/575 and 5.9%, 34/575). The total monthly virus detection rate increased from 26.8% (37/138) in July to 63.0% (58/92) in January, and decreased to 46.1% (106/230) and 26.8% (37/138) in February and March. The detection rate of RSV was the highest from August to November, the detection rate of FluB was the highest from December to March, the detection rate of ADV increased in December and January, and the detection rate of PIV-3 increased from October to December; the detection rate of PIV-1 did not fluctuate significantly, and FluA was sporadically detected. Conclusions:RSV is the main respiratory virus in children with influenza-like illness. Most respiratory viruses are present as single infections. Multiple infections are more common in double infections. FluB, RSV and PIV-1 infections showed certain age distribution characteristics, especially in children over 3 years of age. The epidemic characteristics of respiratory virus infection show that the epidemic gradually peaks from summer to autumn and winter, and turns into an epidemic decline in spring. RSV was relatively prevalent in autumn, FluB was prevalent in winter and spring, ADV and PIV-3 were prevalent to varying degrees in winter, PIV-1 continued to circulate at a low level, and FluA did not present epidemic characteristics.

Clinical application of supraclavicular fasciocutaneous island flap in the repair of tracheal defects / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical application of supraclavicular fasciocutaneous island flap (SIF) in the repair of tracheal defect. Methods: From May 2016 to March 2021, the clinical data of 10 patients (8 males,2 females,aged 27-73 years old) were retrospectively analyzed who underwent repair surgery with SIF for trachea defects after resection of cervical or thoracic tumors, including 2 cases of laryngotracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma, 2 cases of laryngeal carcinoma, 3 cases of esophageal carcinoma, 2 cases of thyroid carcinoma and one case of parathyroid carcinoma. All of the primary tumors were at T4. The outcomes of 10 cases with tracheal defect repaired by SIF were evaluated. Results: The areas of the SIF were (3-7) cm × (6-10) cm, the thicknesses of the flaps were 8-11 mm, and the lengths of the pedicles were 10-15 cm. The blood supply of the SIF came from the transverse carotid artery. The skin defects of the donor areas of the shoulders were directly closed. After 1-60 months of follow-up, all the flaps survived. The flaps, tracheas as well as shoulder wounds healed well. Conclusion: The SIF is suitable for the repair of tracheal defects. It has perfect thickness compatible with the trachea. The technique is simple and microsurgical technique is not needed, with a good application prospect.

Evaluating continence recovery time after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate urinary continence recovery time and risk factors of urinary continence recovery after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP).@*METHODS@#From January 2019 to January 2021, a consecutive series of patients with localized prostate cancer (cT1-T3, cN0, cM0) were prospectively collected. RARP with total anatomical reconstruction was performed in all the cases by an experienced surgeon. Lymph node dissection was performed if the patient was in high-risk group according to the D'Amico risk classification. The primary endpoint was urinary continence recovery time after catheter removal. Postoperative and pathological variables were analyzed. Continence was rigo-rously analyzed 48 hours, 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after catheter removal. Continence was evaluated by recording diaper pads used per day, and all the patients were instructed to perform the 24-hour pad weight test until full recovery of urinary continence. The patient was defined as continent if no more than one safety pad were needed per day, or no more than 20-gram urine leakage on the 24-hour pad weight test. Time from catheter removal to full recovery of urinary continence was recorded, and risk factors influencing continence recovery time evaluated.@*RESULTS@#In total, 166 patients were analyzed. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 66.2 years, and the median prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 8.51 μg/L. A total of 59 patients (35.5%) had bilateral lymphatic dissection, and 28 (16.9%) underwent neurovascular bundle (NVB) preservation surgery. Postoperative pathology results showed that stage pT1 in 1 case (0.6%), stage pT2 in 77 cases (46.4%), stage pT3 in 86 cases (51.8%), and positive margins in 28 patients (16.9%). Among patients who underwent lymph node dissection, lymph node metastasis was found in 7 cases (11.9%). Median continence recovery time was one week. The number of the continent patients at the end of 48 hours, 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks were 65 (39.2%), 32 (19.3%), 34 (20.5%), 24 (14.5%), and 9 (5.4%). Two patients remained incontinent 24 weeks after catheter removal. The continence rates after catheter removal at the end of 48 hours, 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks were 39.2%, 58.4%, 78.9%, 93.4%, and 98.8%, respectively. Univariate COX analysis revealed that diabetes appeared to influence continence recovery time (OR=1.589, 95%CI: 1.025-2.462, P=0.038). At the end of 48 hours, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after catheter removal, the mean OABSS score of the continent group was significantly lower than that of the incontinent group.@*CONCLUSION@#RARP showed promising results in the recovery of urinary continence. Diabetes was a risk factor influencing continence recovery time. Bladder overactive symptoms play an important role in the recovery of continence after RARP.

Advance in Therapeutic Targets of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma / 肿瘤防治研究

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is highly invasive and has poor prognosis. At present, there is no effective adjuvant treatment. With the indepth researches on ICC-related tumor microenvironment, gene, protein, epigenetic modification and signaling pathway, the potential therapeutic targets have been found. This article will review the novel potential therapeutic targets of ICC.

Application of an innovational hybrid simulation-based education of bone traction with co-Debriefer for medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To develop an innovational hybrid simulation-based education of bone traction with co-Debriefer for medical students and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:This study was designed as a cross-controlled study. From June 2018 to June 2019, 28 medical students were randomized into two groups. The two groups adopted simulation-based education and traditional teaching method respectively. In the second week of internship, the teaching methods of the two groups exchanged. Scores rating of the skill were used to assess the students' performance in the end of each teaching methods. SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze the collected data.Results:In the first weekend of orthopedic-internship, students in the experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group, with an average score of 85.07 points versus 67.92 points. In the second weekend of practice, there was no obvious change in the skill score of the experimental group, but the score of the control group was significantly improved, and there was no obvious difference with the experimental group.Conclusion:The hybrid simulation-based education with co-debriefing is a reliable teaching method for medical interns to learn skills of bone traction, which can effectively help improve students' skills, reduce their errors, and ensure patient's safety.

Research Progress of Citri Reticulatae Semen / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Citri Reticulatae Semen is a traditional Chinese medicine in our country. By referring to the relevant literature and materials such as the works of ancient and modern materia medica， this paper summarizes the historical evolution of processing， quality analysis， pharmacological effects and other aspects of Citri Reticulatae Semen. The results showed that the processing methods of Citri Reticulatae Semen in the past dynasties mainly included stir-frying， processing with wine， baking with wine， etc. The modern stir-baking with salt solution was developed on the basis of the ancient stir-frying with green salt， most of the national and provincial processing standards contained crude and salt-processed products of Citri Reticulatae Semen. The properties and flavors of Citri Reticulatae Semen in the past dynasties were basically consistent with those in modern times. It is bitter in taste and neutral in nature. It belongs to the liver and kidney meridians and has the effects of regulating Qi， dispersing knots and relieving pain. Citri Reticulatae Semen contains limonins， fatty acids， proteins and mineral elements， etc. High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）， gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and thin layer chromatography （TLC） were commonly used to detect and analyze Citri Reticulatae Semen. Citri Reticulatae Semen has anti-tumor， anti-inflammatory， analgesic and antibacterial activities， and processing can change the content of its chemical components to a certain extent. In a word， the current research about Citri Reticulatae Semen is not enough in-depth， it is necessary to further analyze the material basis of efficacy of Citri Reticulatae Semen and its processed products， explore the change law of chemical components before and after processing and the relationship between chemical composition and activity， and clarify the processing mechanism for providing scientific basis for its standardized processing， quality control and clinical rational use.

Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia hydromorphone combined with pregabalin for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a multicenter, randomized controlled study

Background@#Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of acute herpes zoster. The treatment of PHN remains a challenge for clinical pain management. Despite the effectiveness of anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and lidocaine patches in reducing PHN, many patients still face intractable pain disorders.In this randomized controlled study, we evaluated whether hydromorphone through intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) was effective in relieving PHN. @*Methods@#Patients with PHN were randomly divided into two groups, one group received oral pregabalin with IV normal saline, another group received oral pregabalin with additional IV PCA hydromorphone for two weeks. Efficacy was evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the end of the treatments. @*Results@#Two hundred and one patients were followed up for 12 weeks. After treatment, numerical rating scale (NRS) score of patients in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference of NRS scores between the two groups was statistically significant at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. The frequency of breakthrough pain in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that in the control group 1 and 4 weeks after treatment.After treatment, the quality of sleep in the hydromorphone group was significantly improved compared with the control group. The most common adverse reactions in the hydromorphone group were dizziness and nausea, with no significant respiratory depression. @*Conclusions@#IV PCA hydromorphone combined with oral pregabalin provides superior pain relief in patients with PHN, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia hydromorphone combined with pregabalin for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a multicenter, randomized controlled study

Background@#Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of acute herpes zoster. The treatment of PHN remains a challenge for clinical pain management. Despite the effectiveness of anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and lidocaine patches in reducing PHN, many patients still face intractable pain disorders.In this randomized controlled study, we evaluated whether hydromorphone through intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) was effective in relieving PHN. @*Methods@#Patients with PHN were randomly divided into two groups, one group received oral pregabalin with IV normal saline, another group received oral pregabalin with additional IV PCA hydromorphone for two weeks. Efficacy was evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the end of the treatments. @*Results@#Two hundred and one patients were followed up for 12 weeks. After treatment, numerical rating scale (NRS) score of patients in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference of NRS scores between the two groups was statistically significant at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. The frequency of breakthrough pain in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that in the control group 1 and 4 weeks after treatment.After treatment, the quality of sleep in the hydromorphone group was significantly improved compared with the control group. The most common adverse reactions in the hydromorphone group were dizziness and nausea, with no significant respiratory depression. @*Conclusions@#IV PCA hydromorphone combined with oral pregabalin provides superior pain relief in patients with PHN, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.